就目前而言，廚房排煙管道的材質(zhì)以不銹鋼板和鍍鋅鋼板較為常見。其中鍍鋅鋼板是通過在鋼板表面涂上一層金屬鋅，來達(dá)到防銹的目的的。由于金屬鋅比鐵的化學(xué)性質(zhì)更活潑，因此鋅往往會(huì)先于鐵發(fā)生氧化，從而保護(hù)了鐵層不被損壞。而不銹鋼是用鉻對(duì)鋼進(jìn)行合金化處理，在其表面形成的一層極薄而又堅(jiān)固細(xì)密的穩(wěn)定的富鉻氧化膜。這種緊密粘附的富鉻氧化物保護(hù)表面，可以有效防止氧原子繼續(xù)滲入、氧化，從而獲得抗銹蝕能力。應(yīng)該說，兩者都具有不錯(cuò)的防銹能力。
Currently, stainless steel plate and galvanized steel plate are common materials for kitchen smoke exhaust pipes. The galvanized steel plate is coated with a layer of metal zinc to achieve the purpose of rust prevention. Due to the more reactive chemical properties of metal zinc than iron, zinc tends to oxidize before iron, thereby protecting the iron layer from damage. Stainless steel is a stable chromium rich oxide film formed on the surface of steel by alloying it with chromium. This tightly adhered chromium rich oxide protects the surface, effectively preventing oxygen atoms from continuing to penetrate and oxidize, thereby obtaining rust resistance. It should be said that both have good rust prevention capabilities.
然而相比之下，清風(fēng)俠更大家選用不銹鋼板的材料，那么這是為什么呢？這就要從油煙的組成說起了。油煙的組成非常復(fù)雜，而且與燃料的類型、食用油的種類、食材成分、烹飪時(shí)間、烹飪溫度、烹飪方式等多個(gè)因素有關(guān)。
However, in contrast, the Qingfeng Xia prefers to choose stainless steel plate materials, so why is this? This starts with the composition of lampblack. The composition of lampblack is very complex, and is related to multiple factors such as the type of fuel, the type of cooking oil, the composition of ingredients, cooking time, cooking temperature, and cooking method.
據(jù)了解，不同種類的食用油在高溫下的熱解產(chǎn)物多達(dá) 200 多種，其中主要有碳?xì)浠衔?、醛類、酮類、醇類、烴類、脂肪酸、芳香族化合物以及雜環(huán)化合物等。這里面的部分產(chǎn)物會(huì)與水相結(jié)合形成亞硝酸、硝酸、碳酸等具備腐蝕性的物質(zhì)，它們?cè)诮?jīng)過排煙管道的時(shí)候勢(shì)必會(huì)對(duì)管道造成侵蝕。因此排煙管道的材質(zhì)除了防銹以外，還應(yīng)該具備一定的耐弱酸能力。
It is understood that there are over 200 kinds of pyrolysis products of different types of edible oils at high temperatures, mainly including hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, hydrocarbons, fatty acids, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic compounds. Some of these products will combine with water to form corrosive substances such as nitrous acid, nitric acid, and carbonic acid, which are bound to cause corrosion to the smoke exhaust pipes when they pass through them. Therefore, in addition to rust prevention, the material of smoke exhaust pipes should also have a certain degree of weak acid resistance.
而不銹鋼在這方面要比鍍鋅鋼板要強(qiáng)上一些。我們以304通用型號(hào)不銹鋼，即18/8不銹鋼為例，其標(biāo)準(zhǔn)成分是18%的鉻加8%的鎳。據(jù)悉，這類型號(hào)鋼在空氣中的年腐蝕率一般小于0.01mm，即便是在廚房油煙量大的環(huán)境下，其年腐蝕率往往也小于0.02mm，其耐腐蝕能力可見一斑。另外，不銹鋼板還具備比較良好的保溫、耐熱性能。
Stainless steel is stronger than galvanized steel in this regard. We take 304 general purpose stainless steel, that is, 18/8 stainless steel, as an example. Its standard composition is 18% chromium plus 8% nickel. It is reported that the annual corrosion rate of this type of steel in the air is generally less than 0.01 mm. Even in environments with large amounts of kitchen oil smoke, its annual corrosion rate is often less than 0.02 mm, indicating its corrosion resistance. In addition, stainless steel plates also have relatively good thermal insulation and heat resistance properties.
總的來說，不論是鍍鋅鋼板還是不銹鋼板都能夠勝任此工作，不過兩者在和性能特點(diǎn)上還是有一定差別的，若是想要成本低，可以選擇鍍鋅鋼板的，若是想要材質(zhì)好則更選購不銹鋼板的。
In general, both galvanized steel plate and stainless steel plate can be competent for this job, but there are still certain differences in price and performance characteristics between the two. If you want low cost, you can choose galvanized steel plate, and if you want good material, you are more recommended to choose stainless steel plate.
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