I. Design and calculation steps of ventilation duct system

1、繪制通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)軸側(cè)圖，對(duì)個(gè)管段進(jìn)行編號(hào)，標(biāo)注各管段的長(zhǎng)度和風(fēng)量。以風(fēng)量和風(fēng)速不變的風(fēng)管為一管段。一般從距風(fēng)機(jī)遠(yuǎn)的一段開始。由遠(yuǎn)而近順序編號(hào)。管段長(zhǎng)度按兩個(gè)管件線的長(zhǎng)度計(jì)算，不扣除管件(如彎頭、三通)本身的長(zhǎng)度。

1. Draw the axle-side diagram of the ventilation system, number each section, and mark the length and air volume of each section. A duct with constant wind volume and speed is used as a section. Generally from the farthest section from the fan. Numbered in order of distance and proximity. The length of the pipe section is calculated by the length of the center line of the two fittings, without deducting the length of the fittings (such as elbows and tees).

2、選擇合理的空氣流速。風(fēng)管內(nèi)的風(fēng)速對(duì)系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性有較大影響。流速高、風(fēng)管斷面小，材料消耗少，建造費(fèi)用小;但是，系統(tǒng)壓力損失增大，動(dòng)力消耗增加，有時(shí)還可能加速管道的磨損。流速低，壓力損失小，動(dòng)力消耗少;但是風(fēng)管斷面大，材料和建造費(fèi)用增加。對(duì)除塵系統(tǒng)，流速多低會(huì)造成粉塵沉積，堵塞管道。因此必須進(jìn)行的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較，確定適當(dāng)?shù)慕?jīng)濟(jì)流速。根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)于一般的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，其風(fēng)速可按表6-10確定。對(duì)于除塵系統(tǒng)，防止粉塵在管道內(nèi)的沉積所需的低風(fēng)速可按表6-11確定。對(duì)于除塵器后的風(fēng)管，風(fēng)速可適當(dāng)減小。

2. Choose reasonable air velocity. The wind speed in the duct has a great influence on the economy of the system. High flow rate, small cross section of air duct, less material consumption and less construction cost; however, the pressure loss of the system increases, power consumption increases, and sometimes the wear of the pipeline may be accelerated. Low velocity, low pressure loss and low power consumption, but large cross-section of air duct, increased material and construction costs. For the dust removal system, how low the flow rate will cause dust deposition and plug the pipeline. Therefore, a comprehensive technical and economic comparison must be made to determine the appropriate economic flow rate. According to experience, for general ventilation systems, the wind speed can be determined according to Table 6-10. For dust removal systems, the minimum wind speed required to prevent dust deposition in the pipeline can be determined according to Table 6-11. For the duct after the dust collector, the wind speed can be reduced appropriately.

3、根據(jù)各管段的風(fēng)量和選定的流速確定各段管徑(或斷面尺寸)，計(jì)算各管段的摩擦和局部壓力損失。

3. Determine the diameter (or cross-section size) of each section according to the air volume and selected flow velocity of each section, and calculate the friction and local pressure loss of each section.

確定管徑時(shí)，應(yīng)盡可能采用表6-2表6-3中所列的通風(fēng)管道統(tǒng)一規(guī)格，以利于工業(yè)化加工制作。

When determining pipe diameter, the uniform specification of ventilation pipes listed in Table 6-2 and Table 6-3 should be adopted as far as possible to facilitate industrial processing and production.

壓力損失計(jì)算應(yīng)從不利的環(huán)路(即距風(fēng)機(jī)遠(yuǎn)的排風(fēng)點(diǎn))開始。

The calculation of pressure loss should start with the most disadvantageous loop (i.e. the farthest exhaust point from the fan).

對(duì)于袋式除塵器和電除塵器后的風(fēng)管，應(yīng)把除塵器的漏風(fēng)及反吹風(fēng)量計(jì)入。除塵器的漏風(fēng)濾見有關(guān)的產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明書，袋式除塵器的漏風(fēng)率一般為5%左右。

For the air duct after bag filter and ESP, the air leakage and back-blowing of the dust collector should be counted. Leakage rate of bag filter is generally about 5%.

通風(fēng)管道

Ventilating duct

4、對(duì)并聯(lián)管路進(jìn)行壓力平衡計(jì)算。一般的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)要求兩支管的壓損差不超過(guò)15%，除塵系統(tǒng)要求兩支管的壓損差不超過(guò)10%，以保證各支管的風(fēng)量達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求。

4. Calculate the pressure balance of parallel pipeline. The general ventilation system requires that the pressure loss difference between the two pipes should not exceed 15%, and the dust removal system requires that the pressure loss difference between the two pipes should not exceed 10%, so as to ensure that the air volume of each branch pipe meets the design requirements.

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